The Hyperlink-Induced Topic Search (HITS) algorithm was originally introduced in [2]. It assigns two scores to each node: the hub score and the authority score . A node \(i\) has a high hub score \(c_{\text{hub}}(i)\) if it links to nodes with high authority scores, i.e.,
\begin{equation*}
c_{\text{hub}}(i) = \sum_{j=1}^{N} a_{ij} \, c_{\text{authority}}(j),
\end{equation*}
where \(a_{ij}\) denotes the adjacency matrix element from node \(i\) to node \(j\). Similarly, a node \(i\) has a high authority score \(c_{\text{authority}}(i)\) if it is pointed to by nodes with high hub scores:
\begin{equation*}
c_{\text{authority}}(i) = \sum_{j=1}^{N} a_{ji} \, c_{\text{hub}}(j).
\end{equation*}
The iterative calculation of HITS can be formulated as an eigenvalue problem. Specifically, the hub and authority vectors correspond to the principal eigenvectors of \(AA^T\) and \(A^TA\), respectively, associated with the largest eigenvalue \(λ_{\max}\) of \(AA^T\) (or equivalently \(A^TA\)). In practice, HITS is designed for directed networks. For undirected networks, the hub and authority scores are identical and reduce to the standard eigenvector centrality.

References

[1] Shvydun, S. (2025). Zoo of Centralities: Encyclopedia of Node Metrics in Complex Networks. arXiv: 2511.05122 https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2511.05122
[2] Kleinberg, J. (1999). Authoritative sources in a hyperlinked environment. J. ACM 46, 604-632. doi: 10.1145/324133.324140.