Map equation centrality is a vitality-based centrality measure derived from the information-theoretic community detection framework known as the map equation [2]. It quantifies the importance of a node based on how much it contributes to the overall description length of flow on the network.
Assume that the network \(G\) has a non-overlapping community structure represented by the partition \(M\). The map equation centrality \(c_{ME}(i)\) of node \(i\) measures the reduction in the average codeword length if node \(i\) is silenced, meaning that when a random walker visits \(i\), no codeword for \(i\) is transmitted. Formally,
\begin{equation*}
c_{ME}(i) = L(G, M) - L^{*}_i(G, M),
\end{equation*}
where \(L(G, M)\) denotes the optimal description length of flow for the original network under partition \(M\), and \(L^{*}_i(G, M)\) is the optimal description length when node \(i\) is silenced.
Hence, \(c_{ME}(i)\) represents the marginal contribution of node \(i\) to the total information cost of describing flow on the network. Nodes with higher \(c_{ME}(i)\) values are more important for maintaining the network’s information flow structure, while nodes with lower or negative values have less or even disruptive influence on modular information dynamics.

References

[1] Shvydun, S. (2025). Zoo of Centralities: Encyclopedia of Node Metrics in Complex Networks. arXiv: 2511.05122 https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2511.05122
[2] Blöcker, C., Nieves, J. C., & Rosvall, M. (2022). Map equation centrality: community-aware centrality based on the map equation. Applied Network Science, 7(1), 56. doi: 10.1007/s41109-022-00477-9.