The neighborhood centrality quantifies the influence of a node by aggregating its own centrality and that of its neighbors up to \( n \) steps away [2]. Let \( f \) denote a benchmark centrality measure. Then, the neighborhood centrality \( c_{nc}(i) \) of node \( i \) is defined as
\begin{equation*}
c_{nc}(i) = f(i) + \sum_{k=1}^n \sum_{j \in \mathcal{N}^{(k)}(i)} a^k f(j),
\end{equation*}
where \( a \in [0,1] \) is a decay parameter and \( \mathcal{N}^{(k)}(i) \) is the set of \( k \)-hop neighbors of node \( i \).
Liu et al. [2] considered degree or \(k\)-shell centrality as the benchmark \( f \) and reported the highest performance for neighborhood centrality with \( n = 2 \) and \( a > 0.2 \). When \( f \) is defined as the degree centrality with \( n = 2 \) and \( a = 0.2 \), the measure is referred to as the neighbor distance centrality [3].

References

[1] Shvydun, S. (2025). Zoo of Centralities: Encyclopedia of Node Metrics in Complex Networks. arXiv: 2511.05122 https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2511.05122
[2] Liu, Y., Tang, M., Zhou, T., & Do, Y. (2016). Identify influential spreaders in complex networks, the role of neighborhood. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 452, 289-298. doi: 10.1016/j.physa.2016.02.028.
[3] Liu, Y., Tang, M., Zhou, T., & Do, Y. (2015). Improving the accuracy of the k-shell method by removing redundant links: From a perspective of spreading dynamics. Scientific reports, 5(1), 13172. doi: 10.1038/srep13172.